泰西50轶事(二十二之二)：阿特里的钟 江铭辉 五梦网
阿特里的钟简介
一、阿特里位置
二、阿特里的钟
“阿特里的钟”是“西西里(Sicilian)的传说”，是一个路边客栈故事的第二部分。这本书的第一部分首次出版于1863年出版，而第二部分则在1872年出版。本书讲是一个传统的故事，它可以追溯到著名的乔叟(Chaucer)和薄伽丘(Boccaccio)一个接一个的宽待路过讲故事的客人开始。
亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗（Henry Wadsworth Longfellow：1807年2月27日－1882年3月24日；图2），是美国的诗人、翻译家。
1920年10月16日在人文教育视觉的历史是一个重要的日子。这天由美国人文教育协会（ AHES ）制作的阿特里的钟的电影，第一次公开放映。这部电影在波士顿埃克塞特剧院(Exeter Theater)放映，观看的有许多的学生和他们的老师。
阿特里的钟的电影是根据朗费罗阿特里的钟制作的。这首诗早已被用来宣传动物的友好和正义，但由于视觉媒体广泛的受到大众欣赏的力量，这个改编故事的电影，受到预想不到的效果。
朗费罗的诗讲述了一个被遗弃的马，牠很幸运生活在一个有社会正义的村庄的故事。
在这个村子的中央置一口钟，当有不正义事件时，就会被敲响。根据朗费罗的故事，当大家听到钟声时，村民们就会聚集在一起，以帮助解决纠纷。在诗中，说一只饥饿的马在牠寻找食物时，开始嗑系在钟上的绳子，就这样钟发出了有不公正的事件声响。当然，这个不公平的案件，是发生在一个骑士身上，他曾经发誓要照顾他所爱的马，在钟的现场云集“一群吵杂的人群”，有人见证有个骑士曾骄傲地骑这匹马，因此村里的人命令这个骑士要“安享这匹马的晚年，并提供马厩、食物和牧场。
朗费罗有关阿特里的钟，诗的内容如下：
At Atri in Abruzzo, a small town
在阿布鲁佐的阿特里小镇
Of ancient Roman date, but scant renown,
古罗马时代，虽然没有什么声名，
One of those little places that have run
但其中一个小地方开始繁荣
Half up the hill, beneath a blazing sun,
在半上山，烈日下，
And then sat down to rest, as if to say,
然后坐下来休息，好像在说，
"I climb no farther upward, come what may," –
“不论发生什么事情，我不向上爬了，”
The Re Giovanni, now unknown to fame,
这个李‧乔瓦尼，现在没有人知道他的名字，
So many monarchs since have borne the name,
因此，许多君主，因这个名字而诞生。
Had a great bell hung in the market-place,
有一个大钟悬挂在市场这个地方。
Beneath a roof, projecting some small space
一个屋顶的下方，一些突出的小空间。
By way of shelter from the sun and rain
由来自遮住太阳和雨的方式。
Then rode he through the streets with all his train,
然后，然后他骑马同他的所有随从经过街道，
And, with the blast of trumpets loud and long,
并且，随着响亮和长久的喇叭声，
Made proclamation, that whenever wrong
任何时候有不公正的事情发生，都做宣讲，
The great bell in the square, and he, the King,
在广场上的大钟，和国王，
Would cause the Syndic to decide there on.
不公的事件，都由地方长官来决定。
Such was the proclamation of King John
这个方法是由约翰国王宣布的。
How swift the happy days in Atri sped,
如何迅速使阿特里的幸福日子加快，
What wrongs were righted, need not here be said.
纠正了什么不公正的事，不要在这里被提起。
Suffice it that, as all things must decay,
这件事就这样安然下去，但所有的事情必定有衰变的时候，
The hempen rope at length was worn away,
那亚麻绳子最后被磨损了，
Unraveled at the end, and, strand by strand,
一股又一股的从尽头散开了，
Loosened and wasted in the ringer's hand,
从钟的把柄，开始松开了，无法敲打，
Till one, who noted this in passing by,
直到一个从这里经过的人看到，
Mended the rope with braids of briony,
他用泻根植物的根茎去修补这条绳子，
So that the leaves and tendrils of the vine
如此蔓藤的叶子和卷须
Hung like a votive garland at a shrine.
像一个奉献的花环挂在神庙。
By chance it happened that in Atri dwelt
在阿特里的居民里，偶然的发生这样的事。
A knight, with spur on heel and sword in belt,
一个骑士，他靴的后跟有马刺，剑插在皮带，
Who loved to hunt the wild-boar in the woods,
他爱在森林里猎打野生的野猪，
Who loved his falcons with their crimson hoods,
他爱他的猎鹰与深红色的头巾，
Who loved his hounds and horses, and all sports
他爱他的猎狗和马，喜爱所有的运动
And prodigalities of camps and courts; --
喜欢军队的奢侈生活和谈情说爱 ; -
Loved, or had loved them; for at last, grown old,
爱，或者爱他们，最后，他垂垂老矣，
His only passion was the love of gold
他唯一渴望的是热爱黄金。
He sold his horses, sold his hawks and hounds,
他卖掉了他的马，卖掉了他的鹰和猎犬，
Rented his vineyards and his garden-grounds
租下他的葡萄园和他的花园式庭园
Kept but one steed, his favorite steed of all,
只保存一匹马，他最喜欢的马，
To starve and shiver in a naked stall,
但现在却在无遮蔽的马厩里，饥饿和颤抖着。
And day by day sat brooding in his chair,
而他天天坐在他的椅子上盘算着，
Devising plans how best to hoard and spare.
如何设计囤积和省钱的最好方法。
At length he said: "What is the use or need
To keep at my own cost this lazy steed,
最后他说：“有什么方法，或需要，来保持我自己对这只懒惰的马的花费，
Eating his head off in my stables here,
When rents are low and provender is dear?
在我的马厩里，这头马也要吃，
虽然租金是低廉的，但是粮草是昂贵的？
Let him go feed upon the public ways;
I want him only for the holidays."
我要给他假期，让牠到公共的场所吃饲料;”
So the old steed was turned into the heat;
Of the long, lonely, silent, shadeless street;
因此，这匹老马被压迫了;过着冗长、孤独、沉默，在没有阴影的街道生活。
And wandered in suburban lanes forlorn,
Barked at by dogs, and torn by brier and thorn.
而且游荡在绝望的郊区巷道里，和被狗吠叫，被荆棘刺伤的日子。
One afternoon, as in that sultry clime
一天下午，因为天气闷热
It is the custom in the summer time,
这是这里在夏天的习惯，
With bolted doors and window-shutters closed,
门和百叶窗都关闭，
The inhabitants of Atri slept or dozed;
阿特里的居民都在睡觉或打瞌睡;
When suddenly upon their senses fell
当突然降临到他们的感官
The loud alarm of the accusing bell!
诉罪的钟发出响亮的报警！
The Syndic started from his deep repose,
地方长官从他沉睡中开始惊醒，
Turned on his couch, and listened, and then rose
从床上的翻起，听，然后起来
And donned his robes, and with reluctant pace
并且穿上了长袍，以不情愿的步伐
Went panting forth into the market-place,
气喘冲出，向前跑到市场这个地方，
Where the great bell upon its cross-beams swung,
在横梁上的大钟正摆动着，
Reiterating with persistent tongue,
In half-articulate jargon, the old song
他用半清晰的术语，肯定重复的讲，这老歌是：
"Some one hath done a wrong, hath done a wrong!"
But ere he reached the belfry's light arcade
“一些人所做的错误，所做的错误！”
但是不久他就到达了钟楼的精美街道了
He saw, or thought he saw, beneath its shade,
No shape of human form of woman born,
But a poor steed dejected and forlorn,
Who with uplifted head and eager eye
Was tugging at the vines of briony.
他看见了，或者以为自己看到了，是树荫，
女人天生的没有男人的型态，
但一匹可怜的马却垂头丧气和孤独，
牠抬起头，用渴望的眼睛
扯着泻根的藤茎。
"Domeneddio!" cried the Syndic straight,
"This is the Knight of Atri's steed of state!
“ Domeneddio ！”地方长官直接的叫，
“这是阿特里这个地方一个骑士的战马！
He calls for justice, being sore distressed,
And pleads his cause as loudly as the best.
它呼吁正义，痛心和悲哀，
用最大的声音申诉他的主张。
Meanwhile from street and land a noisy crowd
与此同时，来自街道和地方上喧闹的人群
Had rolled together like a summer cloud,
好像夏天的云，已经层层围起来了，
And told the story of the wretched beast
他们并且看告诉这只动物悲惨的故事
In five-and-twenty different ways at least,
至少有二十五种不同的故事，
With much gesticulation and appeal
To heathen gods, in their excessive zeal
对于信多神教的人，在他们过度的热情下，产生许多作法和诉求。
The Knight was called and questioned; in reply
骑士被要求和质疑;及答复
Did not confess the fact, did not deny;
他不承认这是事实，也并没有否认;
Treated the matter as a pleasant jest,
但将这件事当作一个有趣的玩笑，
And set at naught the Syndic and the rest,
并把地方长官和其他的人看成一文不值，
Maintaining, in an angry undertone,
在愤怒下，他保持低的声调，
That he should do what pleased him with his own.
他应该怎么做，随他怎么高兴，就怎么作。
And thereupon the Syndic gravely
并在其后，地方长官开始严肃的诵读
The proclamation of the King; then said:
然后国王的宣布，说：
"Pride goeth forth on horseback grand and gay,
“傲慢降临在马背上的尊贵同志，
But cometh back on foot, and begs its way;
但他却乞求用走路这个方式回来，
Fame is the fragrance of heroic deeds,
名气是英雄事迹的香气，
Of flowers of chivalry and not of weeds!
是骑士的鲜花而不是杂草！
These are familiar proverbs; but I fear
这些都是熟悉的谚语，但我担心
They never yet have reached your knightly ear.
这些从来没有到达你骑士的耳朵。
What fair renown, what honor, what repute
什么公平的名声，什么荣誉，什么名誉
Can come to you from starving this poor brute?
可以使你来挨饿这个可怜的畜生？
He who serves well and speaks not, merits more
他为谁服务得最好，不说了，优点更多
Than they who clamor loudest at the door.
然后他们在门口以最大声喊着。
Therefore the law decrees that as this steed
因此，法律命令，这只马
Served you in youth, henceforth you shall take heed
Shelter in stall, and food and field beside."
年轻时替你服务，从今以后你应该照顾牠
To comfort his old age, and to provide
为安慰牠的晚年，并提供遮蔽的马厩，食品和牧场。“
The Knight withdrew abashed; the people all
Led home the steed in triumph to his stall.
骑士羞愧的离开;所有的人都胜利着带这匹马回到牠的马厩。
The King heard and approved, and laughed in glee,
And cried aloud: "Right well it pleaseth me!
国王听到并批准，并高兴大笑，并大声叫道：“对，作得好，我很喜欢！
Church-bells at best but ring us to the door;
教堂的钟声是很好的，但最好只响到我们的门口;
But go not in to mass; my bell doth more:
请不要传到群众里;我们的大钟会做得更好
It cometh into court and pleads the cause
Of creatures dumb and unknown to the laws;
牠来到法庭上，并恳求申冤，生物不会说话且不知道法律;
And this shall make, in every Christian clime,
The Bell of Atri famous for all time."
在每一个基督徒的地区，都应该这样做的。
阿特里的钟，永远都是有名的。”