火中取栗 江銘輝 五夢網
圖:貓拼命把栗子撥出火爐外面,猴子拼命的猛吃。
這句成語出自拉‧封登「寓言」第九卷第十七首「猴子與貓」。
一位主人養一隻猴子伯特蘭和一隻貓叫拉頓,而兩位仁兄天天無憂無慮的生活,猴子看見什麼就拿什麼,貓也不捉老鼠,整天偷吃乳酪,一天牠們看到爐中正烤著栗子,不禁口水直流,同時牠們也認為偷栗子卻有二個好處,一是栗子可口,可填飽肚子,二是可使人發脾氣,但栗子在炙熱火中,無法取到手。狡滑的猴子,就煽動貓說:「今天,可要靠你的本事,把火中的栗子取出來,如果我能像你一樣,有在火中取栗的本事,早就把它取出吃光了。」貓受到恭稚,心花怒放,於是費盡心力,把爐中的栗子,一顆、一顆撥出火爐。猴子乘機一個一個吃光了,但貓一顆都沒有吃到。這時女僕人正巧來到,兩隻小東西一溜煙便逃跑了。
這是用來諷刺那些受人利用去做吃力不討好的工作,反讓他人坐享其成的傻瓜蛋。末了,作者也利用這則寓言來諷刺當時國際間的形勢,他說,「多數的國王都感到憤怒,為了自己做吃力不討好的事,讓別的國王坐享其成,實際是被人家利用了。」
這編寓言及翻譯如下:
The Fables of La Fontain XVII. — The Monkey and the Cat.
Sly Bertrand and Ratto in company sat, (The one was a monkey, the other a cat,)
狡猾伯特蘭和拉頓在並肩坐著,(一隻是猴子,另外一隻是貓,)
Co-servants and lodgers:
牠們都是共同侍候一個主人,同時住在一起。
More mischievous codgers
牠們有比別的動物喜歡作惡作劇的怪癖
Never messed from a platter, since platters were flat.
只是牠們從來沒有把盤子的食物弄亂,因為盤子是平的。
Was anything wrong in the house or about it,
The neighbours were blameless,—no mortal could doubt it;
因此如果房子內有任何不對勁的或關於不對勁的事,
鄰居是不會指責牠們,一般人也可能不敢懷疑牠們。;
For Bertrand was thievish, and Ratto so nice,
伯蘭特是偷竊老手,但拉頓比較好些,
More attentive to cheese than he was to the mice.
但這隻貓,也好不到哪裡,牠關心奶酪的程度超過牠對老鼠的注意。
One day the two plunderers sat by the fire,
Where chestnuts were roasting, with looks of desire.
有一天,兩個強盜坐在火爐旁,火爐正在烤栗子,使人看了蠢蠢欲動。
To steal them would be a right noble affair.
竊取它們將是一個正確且高尚的事。
A double inducement our heroes drew there —
一個雙重吸引我們英雄的動機是:
‘Twould benefit them, could they swallow their fill, And then ‘twould occasion to somebody ill.
“二件事對牠們是有好處的,假如牠們能吞下這些栗子就能填飽肚子,並且還有機會使一些人生氣。”
Said Bertrand to Ratto, ‘My brother, to-day ,Exhibit your powers in a masterly way,
伯特蘭對拉頓說:「我的兄弟,今天看你大展身手,你的爪子巧妙的的能力,」
And take me these chestnuts, I pray.
我懇求,把這些栗子拿給我。
Which were I but otherwise fitted
(As I am ingeniously witted)
如果我有能力,我就去做,但是我是不適合的。
(雖然我也是靈巧有智慧的)
For pulling things out of the flame,
Would stand but a pitiful game.’
“對於從火焰取出東西,可能是傷害而且是一件可憐的遊”。
“It's done, replied Ratto, all prompt to obey;
“讓我來完成,拉頓回答說,一切立即遵命。
And thrust out his paw in a delicate way.
First giving the ashes a scratch,
He opened the coveted batch;
並以個靈巧的姿勢,猛然伸出牠的爪子。
首先向灰燼一扒,牠扒開了一批令人垂涎的栗子。
Then lightly and quickly impinging,
然後輕輕地,快速地碰撞,
He drew out, in spite of the singeing,
他撥了出來,雖然有些烤焦,
One after another, the chestnuts at last, —
一個接著一個撥了出來,連最後一個栗子也撥了出來,
While Bertrand contrived to devour them as fast.
伯特蘭有計畫狼吞虎嚥迅速地吃完。
A servant girl enters. Adieu to the fun.
有一個婢女進來,樂趣就再見結束了。
Our Ratto was hardly contented, says one. —
唯一可說的,我們的拉頓幾乎沒有滿足。
No more are the princes, by flattery paid
沒有更多的王公貴族,對奉承付出代價。
For furnishing help in a different trade,
裝潢對於各種的行業是有幫助,
And burning their fingers to bring
More power to some mightier king
並且燃燒自己的手指,使某些強盛的國王權力更大(註)。
註:這是塞維尼夫人對於這個寓言的意見(For Madame de Sévigné’s opinion of this fable, see the Translator’s Preface.)